Dr. Leung received his B.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of London in 1977 and 1980 respectively, and is a fellow of HKIE, a member of IEE and ACM, a senior member of IEEE and a chartered engineer. He was nominated to be the 17th Distingushed Fellow of Hong Kong Computer Society in 2000.  He was one of the founder members and the Chairman of ACM Hong Kong Chapter and a Council member of Hong Kong Computer Society. He helped setting up the Engineering Faculty as a member of the Planning & Implementation Committee.  He served as a member of the Engineering Panel of the Research Grant Council of the University Grant Committee for 5 years (94-99). He was an external examiner of OUHK. Dr. Leung is member of Editorial Board for Fuzzy Sets and Systems and the IT Magazine (94-98), associate editor of  International Journal of Intelligent Automation and Soft Computing. He has served as chairman and member of numerous international conference organizing and programme committees. He was a member of the University's Research Committee and the Convenor of Engineering Panel (96-00). He has authored and co-authored over 200 publications. His research interests are in the areas of knowledge engineering, soft computing, genetic algorithms and programming, bioinformatics, automatic knowledge acquisition, fuzzy logic applications, and AI architecture. 

Research Interests (Summary)

• Knowledge Engineering
• Bioinformatics & Data Mining
• Automatic Knowledge Acquisition
• Fuzzy Logic Applications
• Genetic Algorithms and Programming
• AI Architecture

• M.L. Wong and K.S. Leung, Data Mining Using Grammar Based Genetic Programming and Applications, Jan 2000, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Genetic Programming Series.

• (Chan, T.M.), Leung, K.S., and Lee, K.H., “TFBS Identification Based on Genetic Algorithm with Combined Representations and Adaptive Post-processing,” Bioinformatics (accepted)
• (Rong Yang), Z.Y. Wang, P.A. Heng, and K.S. Leung, “Fuzzified Choquet integral with fuzzy-valued integrand and its application on temperature prediction,” IEEE Trans. SMCB. (accepted)
• (S. M. Cheang), K. H. Lee and K.S. Leung “Applying Genetic Parallel Programming to Synthesize Combinational Logic Circuits,” IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Vol.11, No.4, pp.503-520, August 2007.
• (Rong Yang), Z.Y. Wang, P.A. Heng, and K.S. Leung, “Classification of Heterogeneous Fuzzy Data by Choquet Integral With Fuzzy-Valued Integrand”, IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, Vol.15, No5, pp.931-942, Oct 2007.
• Joseph JY Sung, KW Tsui, CH Tse, Eddie YT Ng, KS Leung, KH Lee, Tony SK Mok, A. Bartholomeusz, CC Au, S Locarnini, Henry LY Chan “Genotype-Specific Genomic Markers Associated with Primary Hepatoma Based on Complete Genomic Sequencing of Hepatitis B Virus,” The Journal of Virology, vol.82, no.7, pp3604-3611, Apr. 2008.
  
• Henry L.Y. Chan, C.H. Tse, (Eddie Y.T. Ng), K.S. Leung , K.H. Lee, K.W. Tsui , Joseph J. Y. Sung “Phylogenetic, Virological and Clinical Characteristics of Genotype C Hepatitis B Virus with TCC at Codon 15 of the Precore Region,” Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Vol.44, No.3, pp.681-687, (impact factor 3.439, 20 of 84 in Microbiology).11.   
  
• (S. M. Tse), Y. Liang, K. S. Leung, K. H. Lee and Tony S. K. Mok, A Memetic Algorithm for Multiple Drugs Cancer Chemotherapy Schedule Optimization, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics - Part B, vol. 37, no. 1, pp.84-91, Feb. 2007.
• Z. Wang, K.S. Leung, and G. J. Klir, “Integration on finite sets,” accepted by International Journal of Intelligent Systems.
• K.S. Leung, Irwin King, and (Y.B. Wong) “A probabilistic cooperative-competitive hierarchical model for global optimization.” Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computation, 175 (2006) 1092-1124
• (S. M. Cheang), K.S. Leung and K. H. Lee “Genetic Parallel Programming: Design and Implementation,” Evolutionary Computation (MIT-Press), Vol. 14 Issue 2, pp. 129-156, 2006
• (Liang Y.), Leung K.S. and Tony Mok S.K. "A Novel Evolutionary Drug Scheduling Model in Cancer Chemotherapy," IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, Vol.10, No.2, pp.237-245, April, 2006.
• P.A. Heng, T.T. Wong, (R. Yang), Y.P. Chui, Y M, Xie, K.S. Leung and P.C. Leung, “Intelligent Interfering and Haptic Simulation for Chinese Acupuncture Learning and Training,” IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, Vol.10, No.1, pp.28-41, Jan., 2006.
• (H.-D. Jin), M.-L. Wong, and K.-S. Leung, “Scalable Model-based Clustering for Large Databases Based on Data Summarization”, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 27, no 11, pp.1710-1719, Nov. 2005. 
• (Y.Liang) and K.S.Leung, “Evolution Strategies with Exclusion-based Selection Operators and a Fourier Series Auxiliary Function”, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 174, pp.1080-1109, 2006.
• Z. Wang, (Rong Yang), P. Heng, and K.S. Leung, “Real-valued Choquet integrals with fuzzy-valued integrand”, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Vol.157, No. 2, pp, 256-269, Jan. 2006.
• (Rong Yang), Z. Wang, P.A. Heng, and K.S. Leung, “Fuzzy numbers and fuzzification of Choquet integrals”, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 153 , 95-113, 2005.
• (H.-D. Jin), K.S. Leung, M.-L. Wong, and Z.-B. Xu, “Scalable Model-based Clustering of Large Data Sets: Working on Clustering Features,” Pattern Recognition, Vol.38,  pp.637-649, 2005.
• M.L. Wong and K.S. Leung, "An Efficient Data Mining Method for Learning Bayesian Network Using an Evolutionary Algorithm-Based Hybrid Approach", IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Vol.8, No.4, pp.378-404, August 2004.
• K.S. Leung, (Z.Y. Zhu) and Xu Z.B. “Multi-Objective Optimization Using Non-dominated Sorting Annealing Genetic Algorithms,” Asian Information-Science-Life, Vol1, No.3, pp.211-230, 2003
  
• M.L. Wong, ( S. Y. Lee) and K.S. Leung "Data Mining of Bayesian Networks Using Cooperative Co-evolution"  Decision Support Systems and Electronic Commerce. 38, pp. 451-472.
• (Y.Y. Wong), K.H. Lee, K.S. Leung, (C.W. Ho.) "A novel approach in parameter adaptation and diversity maintenance for genetic algorithm." Soft Computing, Vol.7, No.8, pp.506-515, August 2003.
  
• (Y.W. Lee), K.S. Leung, and M. Satyanarayanan "Operation Shipping for Mobile File Systems", IEEE Transactions on Computers. Vol.51, No.12 pp.1410-1422, December 2002
• K.S. Leung, M.L. Wong, W. Lam, Z.Y. Wang and K.B. Xu "Learning Nonlinear Multiregression Networks Based on Evolutionary Computation", IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics Part B, Vol.32, No.5, pp.630-644, October 2002.
  
• (Y.Y. Wong), K.S. Leung, and K.H. Lee  "Stochastic load balancing algorithm for i-Computing," Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience,  15(1), 55-78, Jan. 2003.
• (Xu K.B.), Wang Z.Y., Wong M.L. and Leung K.S. "Discover Dependency Pattern Among Attributes By Using A New Type of Nonlinear Regression" International Journal of Intelligent Systems, Vol. 16, pp.949-962, John Wiley & Sons, 2001
• (Y.C. Wong), K.S. Leung and C.K. Wong, "Simulated Annealing-Based Algorithms for the Studies of the Thermoelastic Scaling Behavior" IEEE Transaction on System, Man, Cybernetic. Vol.30, No.4, pp.506-516, Nov. 2000
• Wong M. L., Leung K. S., and Cheng J. C. Y. "Discovering Knowledge from Noisy Databases using Genetic Programming," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, Vol.51, No.9, pp.870-881, 2000.
• Wang Z.Y. , Leung K.S. and  Wang J., "A genetic algorithm used for determining nonadditive set functions in information fusion," Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 102 (1999), pp.463-469.
• Y. Leung, Leung K. S. and J. Z. He. "A generic concept-based object-oriented geographical information system". International  Journal of Geographical Information Science, Vol. 13, No. 5,  pp.475-498, Taylor & Francis Ltd, May1999
• Wong M.L., W. Lam and Leung K.S., "Using Evolutionary Computation and Minimum Description Length Principle for Data Mining of Bayesian Networks" IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.  Vol.21, No.2, pp.174-178, 1999
• Leung K. S., Lee K.H., & (Wong Y.Y.), "DJM: a Global Distributed Virtual Machine on Internet", Software - Practice and Experience, Vol.28(12), pp.1269-1297, Oct 1998.
• Wong M. L., Lam W., Leung K. S., Ngan P. S., and Cheng, J. C. Y., "Discovering Knowledge from Medical Databases Using Evolutionary Algorithms" IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine. Vol.19, No.4, pp.45-55, July/Aug 2000.
• (Li Y.Y.), (Cheung S.K.), Leung K.S. and Wong C.K., "Steiner Tree Constructions in ?3-Metric", IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems-II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, Vol. 45, No. 5, May 1998.
• Wong M.L. and Leung K.S. "Evolutionary Program Induction Directed by Logic Grammars" - Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 5, No. 2., pp.143-180, MIT Press, 1997
• A. Albrecht, (S.K. Cheung), K.C. Hui,  Leung K.S., and C.K. Wong. "Optimal Placements of Flexible Objects Part I (Analytical Results for the Unbounded Case)" - IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol.46, No.8, pp.890-904, Aug., 1997.
• A. Albrecht, (S.K. Cheung), K.C. Hui, LeungK.S., and C.K. Wong. "Optimal Placements of Flexible Objects Part II (A Simulated Annealing Approach for the Bounded Case)", IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol.46, No.8, pp.905-929, Aug.,1997.
• (Chan W.K.), Leung K.S. and Wong W.S., "An Oject-Oriented Knowledge Based System for Image Diagnosis", Applied Artificial Intelligence, published by Francis & Taylor, Vol.10, No.5, pp.407-438, 1996.
• Leung K.S., (Ji H. B.) and Leung Y. "Adaptive Weighted Outer-Product Learning Associative Memory" - IEEE Transactions on System, Man and Cybernetics, Vol.27, No.3, pp.533-543, June 1997.
• (Wong, M. L.) and Leung, K.S. (1995). "Evolving recursive functions for the even-parity problem using genetic programming." In P. J. Angeline and K. E. Kinnear, Jr. (Eds.) Advances in Genetic Programming 2., Chapter 11, pp.221-240, MA: MIT Press, 1996.
• (Chan W.K.), Leung K. S. and Wong W.S. "An Expert System for the Detection of Cervical Cancer Cells Using Knowledge-Based Image Analyser", Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 8, pp.67-90, 1996, published by Elsevier Science.
• (Wong M.L.) and Leung K. S., "Genetic Logic Programming and Applications" - IEEE Expert, pp.68-76, Vol.10, No.5, Oct 1995
• Yam Y. and Leung K. S., Future Directions of Fuzzy Theory and Systems, published by World Scientific Publishing as a monograph, 1995.
• Leung K.S. and (So Y.T.), "Consistency Checking for Fuzzy Expert Systems" - International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, Vol.9, No.3, pp.263-282, Oct., 1993, North-Holland, U.S.A.
• Leung Y. and Leung K. S., "An Intelligent Expert System Shell for Knowledge-Based Geographic Information Systems: 1, The Tools" - International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, Taylor & Francis Ltd, U.K., Vol.7, No.3, pp.189-199, 1993.
• Leung Y. and Leung K. S., "An Intelligent Expert System Shell for Knowledge-Based Geographic Information Systems: 2, Some Applications" - International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, Taylor & Francis Ltd, U.K., Vol.7, No.3, pp.201-213, 1993.
• Leung K.S., (Fan Y.) and (Young F.Y.), "A Chinese Dictionary System Based on Fuzzy Logic and Object-Oriented Approach" - Computer Processing of Chinese and Oriental Languages - An International Journal of the Chinese Language Computer Society, World Scientific Publishing, Vol.6, No.2, pp.205-219, Dec., 1992, Canada.
• K.S. Leung and (M.H. Wong), "Fuzzy Concepts in an Object Oriented Expert System Shell", International Journal of Intelligent Systems, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 171-192, published by John Wiley, N.Y., USA, Feb. 1992.
• K.S. Leung and (M.L. Wong), "Automatic Refinement of Knowledge Bases with Fuzzy Rules", Knowledge-Based Systems, Vol.4, No.4, pp.231-246, Butter worth-Heinemann, Oxford, U.K., Dec. 1991.
• K.S. Leung and (M.L. Wong), "Inducing and Refining Rule-based Knowledge from Inexact Examples", Knowledge Acquisition, Vol.3, No.3, pp.291-315, Academic Press, London, Sept. 1991.
• Leung K.S. and (Wong M.L.), "AKARS-1: An Automatic Knowledge Acquisition and Refinement System" - Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge-Based Systems, IOS Press, Amsterdam, 1991.
• Wong W.S., Leung K. S. and (So Y.T.), "The Recent Development and Evaluation of A Medical Expert System (ABVAB)" - International Journal of Bio-Medical Computing, Vol.25, No.2, pp.223-329, April, 1990.
• (Wong M.H). and Leung K. S., "A Fuzzy Database-Query Language" - Information Systems, Pergamon Press, Vol.15, No.5, pp.583-590, Oct., 1990.
• K.S. Leung and (M.H. Wong), "An Expert System Shell Using Structured Knowledge : An Object Oriented Approach", IEEE COMPUTER, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 38-47, March 1990.
• Leung K.S., (Wong M.H.) and (Lam W.), "A Fuzzy Expert Database System" - Data & Knowledge Engineering, North-Holland, Vol.4, No.4, pp.287-304, Dec., 1989.
• Lee K.H., Leung K. S. and (Cheang S.M.), "A Microprogrammable List Processor for Personal Computers" - IEEE MICRO, Vol.10, No.4, pp.50-61, Aug., 1990.
• Leung K.S., Lee K.H. and (Cheang S.M.), "List Processing for Artificial Intelligence Applications" - Microprocessing and Microprogramming - The Euromicro Journal, Vol.26, No.4, pp.271-287, Dec., 1989.
• K.S. Leung and (W. Lam), "A Fuzzy Expert System Shell Using Both Exact and Inexact Reasoning", Journal of Automated Reasoning, published by D. Reidel Publishing Co., Holland, Vol.5, No.2, pp.207-233, June 1989.
• Leung K.S., Wong W.S. and (Lam W.), "Applications of a Novel Fuzzy Expert System Shell" - Expert Systems: The International Journal of Knowledge Engineering, Vol.6, No.1, pp.2-10, Feb., 1989.
• Leung K.S., Wong W.S. and (Lam W.), "The Development of an Expert Computer System on Medical Consultation" - International Journal of Bio-Medical Computing, Vol.23, No.3, pp.265-278, Dec., 1988.
• Leung K.S. and (Lam W.), "Fuzzy Concepts in Expert Systems" - IEEE COMPUTER, Vol.21, No.9, pp.43-56, Sept., 1988.
  

International Conference & Other Referenced Publications

• Chan, T.-M., Leung, K.-S., and Lee, K.-H., TFBS identification by position- and consensus-led genetic algorithm with local filtering, Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, London, England, 7-11 July 2007, (GECCO 07),  pp. 377–384.
• Wenye Li, K. S. Leung and K. H. Lee, Large-scale RLSC Learning Without Agony, Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2007), pp. 529-536, Corvallis, Oregon, USA, 20-24 June 2007.
• Wenye Li, K. S. Leung and K. H. Lee, Generalizing the Bias Term of Support Vector Machines, Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI07) (Volume one), pp. 919 – 924, Hyderabad, India, 6-12 January 2007.
• Wenye Li, K. H. Lee and K. S. Leung, Generalized Regularized Least-Squares Learning with Predefined Features in a Hilbert Space, Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS2006), 5-7 December, 2006, Vancouver, Canada, pp 881-888.
• KS Leung,YT Ng, KH Lee, LY Chan, KW Tsui, Tony Mok, CH Tse, Joseph Sung, "Data Mining on DNA Sequences of Hepatitis B Virus by Nonlinear Integrals" Proceedings Taiwan-Japan Symposium on Fuzzy Systems & Innovational Computing, 3rd meeting, pp.1-10 Aug 2006, Japan (Keynote Speech)
  
• Y. Liang, K. S. Leung and Tony S. K. Mok, Automating the Drug Scheduling with Different Toxicity Metabolism in Cancer Chemotherapy via Evolutionary Computation, Lecture Notes in Computer Science  (GECCO2006: ACM International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference), Seattle, WA, USA, July 2006, (nomination for best paper award)
  
• (W.H. Shum), K.S. Leung, and M.L. Wong, "Learning Functional Dependency Networks based on Genetic Programming" ICDM'05, the proceedings The Fifth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, pp.394-401, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A., November 27-30, 2005, the IEEE Computer Society Press. (full paper, acceptance rate: 10.95%)
• (W.S. Lau), (Gang Li), K.H. Lee, K.S. Leung and Sin Man Cheang, “Multi-logic-Unit Processor: A Combinational Logic Circuit Evaluation Engine for Genetic Parallel Programming”, Proceedings of EuroGP 2005: 167-177, 2005
  
• (LIANG Yong), Leung K.S. and Mok Tony.    "Evolutionary Drug Scheduling Model for Cancer Chemotherapy." Proceedings of Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (Part I) - GECCO 2004,  (also as Lecture Notes in Computer Science LNCS 3102), pp. 1126-1137, Germany, (Nomination for best paper award at International Conference GECCO-2004. ) 2004.06.
• (Cheang S. M.), Lee K.H. and Leung K. S. "Designing Optimal Combinational Digital Circuits Using a Multiple Logic Unit Processor." Proceedings of the 7th European Conference (EuroGP 2004) (also in Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol 3003)    "Maarten Keijzer, Una-May O'Reilly, Simon M. Lucas, Ernesto Costa, Terence Soule (Eds.)"    Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 23-34, Germany, 2004.04
• (H.D. Jin), K.S. Leung and M.L. Wong, “Scalable Model-Based Clustering by Working on Data Summaries,” The IEEE Int. Conf. on Data Mining- (ICDM 2003, , Regular paper, acceptance rate 11.6%),  pp.91-98, USA, Nov 2003
• K.S.Leung & (Y.Liang) Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Elitist-population Strategies for Multimodal Function Optimization, Proceeding of International Conference GECCO-2003, pp.1160-1171, July 2003 ( Nomination for best paper award at International Conference GECCO-2003.)
• Leung K.S. and (Liang Y.) “Evolution Strategies with a Fourier Series Auxiliary Function for Difficult Function Optimization” .” Proceedings of The 4th Int. Conf. On Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning- IDEAL 2003, pp.303-312, March 2003, LNCS 2690. (regular paper, 29% acceptance rate)
• (Shum W.H.), (Jin H.D.), Leung, K.S. and Wong, M.L. (2002). “A Self-Organizing Map with Expanding Force for Data Clustering and Visulization.” Proceedings of the 2002 International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM), pp434-441, Japan. (regular paper, 19.6% acceptance rate)
• Wong, M.L., (Lee, S.Y.), and Leung, K.S. (2002). “A Hybrid Approach to Discover Bayesian Networks from Databases Using Evolutionary Programming.” Proceedings of the 2002 International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM), pp498-505, Japan. (regular paper, 19.6% acceptance rate)
  
• K.S. Leung, K.H. Lee, and (S.M. Cheang),"Genetic Parallel Programming - Evolving Linear Machine Codes on a Multi-ALU Processor," The Int. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence in Engineering and Technology ICAIET-2002, Sabah, Malaysia, 17-18 June 2002.
• (Liang Y.), Leung K.S., "Two-way Mutation Evolution Strategies,"   2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'02) (accepted).
• (Z.Y Zhu) & K.S. Leung, "Asynchronous Self-Adjustable Island Genetic Algorithm for Multi-Objective Optimization Problems," 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation  (CEC'02),  May 12-17, 2002, USA. (Accepted)
• (Z.Y. Zhu) & K.S. Leung, "An Enhanced Annealing Genetic Algorithm for Multi-Objective Optimization Problems," Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference 2002  (GECCO-2002), July 9-13,2002, NY, USA.
• Wong, M.L., (Lee, S.Y.), and Leung, K.S. (2002). "A Hybrid Data Mining Approach to Discover Bayesian Networks Using Evolutionary Programming."  Proceedings of the 2002 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. (Accepted)
• Wong, M. L., (Lee, S. Y.), and Leung, K. S. (2002). A Hybrid Approach to Learn Bayesian Networks Using Evolutionary Programming. Proceedings of 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation.
• K.S. Leung, K.H. Lee, and (S.M. Cheang), "Balancing Samples' Contributions on GA Learning," The Int. Conf. on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware, ICES2001, Tokyo, Japan, 3-5 October 2001.
• (Zhu Z.Y.) and Leung K.S. "Non-dominated Sorting Annealing Genetic Algorithms for Multi-objective Optimization Problems," Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Robotics & Autonomous systems,(CIRAS 2001),  pp.1-6, 28-30 Nov. 2001, Singapore.
• (Jin Huidong), Leung Kwong Sak, Wong Man Leung, " Genetic-guided Model-based Clustering Algorithms," Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IC-AI'2001) Vol. II, pp.653-659 CSREA Press, 25-28 July, 2001
• (Liang Y.), Leung K.S. and Xu Z.B., "Fast-GA: A Genetic Algorithm with Exclusion-based Selections" Proceedings of  2001 WSES International Conference on: Evolutionary Computations (EC'01), pp.638(1)-638(6), Spain. Also appears as a book chapter in Advances in Fuzzy Systems & Evolutionary Computation, (Ed. N. Mastorakis), pp.311-316, Feb 2001.
• (Yue H.Y.), King I. and Leung K.S., "Fuzzy Clustering Method for Content-based Indexing" Proceedings of International Conference on Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Systems  (FSFS '01), pp.541(1)-(6), Spain. Also appears as a book chapter in Advances in Fuzzy Systems & Evolutionary Computation, (Ed. N. Mastorakis), pp.138-143, Feb 2001.
• (JIN H.D.), Leung K.S. and Wong M.L., "An Integrated Self-Organizing Map for the Travelling Salesman Problem" Proceedings of  International Conference on: Neural Networks and Applications (NNA '01), pp.428(1)-(6). Also appears as a book chapter in Advances in Neural Networks and Applications, (Ed. N. Mastorakis), pp.235-240, Feb 2001.
• (Zhu Z.Y.) and Leung K. S., "Exclusion-based Cooperative Coevolution Genetic Algorithm" 2001 WSES International Conference on Evolutionary Computations (EC'01) pp.637(1)-637(6), 2.2001.
• (JIN H.D.), Leung K.S. and Wong M.L., "An Integrated Self-Organizing Map for the Traveling Salesman Problem"  International Conference on: Neural Networks and Applications (NNA '01)), pp.428(1)-(6). Also appears as a book chapter in Advances in Neural Networks and Applications, (Ed. N. Mastorakis), pp.235-240, Feb 2001.
• (Jin H.D), Leung K.S., Wong M.L., "A Genetic Algorithm-Guided Model-based Clustering Algorithm" In Proceedings of 2000 Genetic & Evolutionary Computation Conference (Late breaking papers), pp.133-140, U.S.A., July, 2000.
• Leung K.S., Wong M.L., and W. Lam and Jack Cheng. "Applying Evolutionary Computation to Discover Knowledge from Medical Databases" (Invited paper), International Workshop on Evolutionary Computation, April 2000, Wuhan,  China.
• (Jin H.D), Leung K.S., Wong M.L., "Designing an Expanded SOM for Travailing Salesman Problem by Genetic Algorithms " In Proceedings of 2000 Genetic & Evolutionary Computation Conference, pp.1097, U.S.A., July, 2000.
• (Y.C. Wong), K.S. Leung, and C.K. Wong,  "Computation of Physical Properties of Materials using Percolation Networks"  In Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing, pp.33-37, U.S.A., Aug. 1999.
• (C.W.Ho), K.H.Lee, and K.S.Leung "A Genetic Algorithm Based on Mutation and Crossover with Adaptive Probabilities," Proceedings of 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, pp.768-775. IEEE, U.S.A., July 1999.
• (Lee Y.W.), Leung K.S. and  M Satyanarayanan "Operation-based Update Propagation in a Mobile File System"  Proceedings of 1999 USENIX Annual Technical Conference, pp.43-56, U.S.A., June 1999.
• (Yuk-Yin Wong), Kin-Hong Lee, Kwong-Sak Leung. "A Stochastic Load  Balancing Algorithm for Internet Computing Environment". Proceedings  of The International Conference on Parallel and Distributed  Processing Techniques and Applications (PDPTA'99), Vol. V,  pp.2587-2593, CSREA Press, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, 1999.06.28
• Leung K.S., Wong T. and King I. "Probabilistic Cooperative-Competitive Hierarchical Modeling for Global Optimization" Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Soft Computing and Information/Intelligent Systems, pp.748-751, Oct, 1998.
• Leung K.S., Wong T. and King I. "Probabilistic Cooperative-Competitive Hierarchical Modeling as a Genetic Operator in Global Optimization" Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetic pp.3959-3964, Oct, 1998
• Ngan P. S.,. Wong M. L, Leung K. S. and Cheng J. C. Y. "Using Grammar Based Genetic Programming for Data Mining of Medical Knowledge." Genetic Programming 1998: Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference, pp.254-259, USA, July 1998.
• Lam W., Wong M. L., Leung K. S. and Ngan P. S.. "Discovering Probabilistic Knowledge from Databases Using Evolutionary Computation and Minimum Description Length Principle." Genetic Programming 1998: Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference, pp.786-794, USA, July 1998.
• Leung K.S. and Zhenyuan Wang, A new nonlinear integral used for information fusion, Proc. WCCI'98 (1998 IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence), 802-807., USA.
• Leung, K. S., Wong, M. L., Lam, W., and Wang, Z. Y.. Discovering Nonlinear Integral Networks from Databases Using Evolutionary Computation and Minimum Description Length Principle. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetic pp.2326-2331, Oct 1998.
• (S. K. Cheung), K. S. Leung, A. Albrecht, and C. K. Wong, ``Optimal placements of flexible objects: An adaptive simulated annealing approach,'' in Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving From Nature (PPSN V) , pp.968-977, Sept 1998.
• Wang Z.Y., Leung K.S. and Wang J. "Genetic Algorithms Used for Determining Belief Measures and Plausibility Measures," Annual Meeting of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society (NAFIPS'97), pp.195-198, New York, U.S.A., IEEE, September 1997.
• (Cheung S.K.), Leung K.S., Albrecht A. and Wong C.K.  "Optimal Placements of Flexible Objects: An Evolutionary Programming Approach" - Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, Michigan State University, (ICGA97), pp. 583—590, 1997.
• Wang Z.Y., Leung K.S. and Wang J. "Genetic algorithms used for Determining Nonadditive Set Functions in Information Fusion" - Proceedings of Seventh International Fuzzy Systems Association world Congress, pp.518-521, Academia, Prague, June 1997.
• Leung K. S., Lee K.H. and (Lau C.K.) "A Fuzzy-Logic Multimedia Chinese Dictionary Shell" In the Proceedings of the 20th Anniversary Conference on Computer Processing of Oriental Languages, U.S.A., pp.239-246, November, 1995.
• (Ji H. B.), Leung K. S. and Leung Y. "Gaussian Correlation Associative Memory" In the Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks. pp.1761-1766, December, 1995.
• (Wong, M. L.) and Leung, K. S. (1995). "Combining Genetic Programming and Inductive Logic Programming using Logic Grammars." In the Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computing, Vol.2, pp.733-736, Dec., 1995.
• (Wong, M. L.) and Leung, K. S. (1995). "Applying Logic Grammars to Induce sub- functions in Genetic Programming." In the Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computing, Vol.2, pp.737- 740, Dec., 1995.
• (Wong, M. L.) and Leung, K. S., "An Adaptive Inductive Logic Programming System using Genetic Programming." In Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming, San Diego, USA, pp.737-752, MA:MIT Press. March, 1995.
• (Tang Y.C. Anthony) and Leung K. S., "A Modified Edge Recombination Operator for the Travelling Salesman Problem" - Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 866, pp.180-188, Parallel Problem Solving from Nature - PPSN III, the International Conference on Evolutionary Computation, Jeruselum, Israel, Oct 1994.
• (Wong, M. L.) and Leung, K. S., "Learning First-order Relations from Noisy Databases using Genetic Algorithms." In Proceedings of the Second Singapore International Conference on Intelligent Systems, pp.B159-164, Nov. 1994.
• Leung K.S., Ji H.B. and Leung Y., "Weighted Outer-Product Learning Associative Memory with Adaptive Algorithms" - Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Expert Systems and Neural Networks, pp.100-105, Zurich, Switzerland, July 1994.
• Leung K.S. and Leung Y., "Fuzzy Knowledge-Based Systems: Reviews and Perspectives" - Workshop on the Future Directions of Fuzzy Theory and Systems, pp.A.1-16, Oct.,1993.
• Leung K.S., Leung Y., (So L.) and (Yam K.F.), "Rule Learning in Expert Systems Using Genetic Algorithm: 1, Concepts" - Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Fuzzy Logic & Neural Networks, Japan, July 17-22, 1992, pp201-204.
• Leung K.S., Leung Y., (So L.) and (Yam K.F.), "Rule Learning in Expert Systems Using Genetic Algorithm: 2, Empirical Studies" - Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Fuzzy Logic & Neural Networks, Japan, July 17-22, 1992, pp205-208.

Research summary (KS Leung)

Research Fields: Evolutionary Computation, Data mining, and Bioinformatics

Representative Projects and Results:

(1)   Finding Markers for Hepatitis B Virus

• Supported by an ITF grant of over $4.4 million+ 2 million from drug industry and several other small grants
• Cross departmental project and top international collaborators
• Largest project of its type
• Impact: Over 20% and 10% of Mainland and Hong Kong Populations are carriers and many will turn into lever cancer.
• Results: We found some significant markers which can be used to diagnosis potential lever cancers caused by Hepatitis B   with around 80% accuracy. A patent has been applied through RTAO. A new approach based on Information Gain, non-linear integral and rule learning algorithms have been adapted to achieve this.

• KS Leung,YT Ng, KH Lee, LY Chan, KW Tsui, Tony Mok, CH Tse, Joseph Sung, "Data Mining on DNA Sequences of Hepatitis B Virus by Nonlinear Integrals" Proceedings Taiwan-Japan Symposium on Fuzzy Systems & Innovational Computing, 3rd meeting, pp.1-10 Aug 2006, Japan (keynote Speech)
  
•  Joseph JY Sung, KW Tsui, CH Tse, Eddie YT Ng, KS Leung, KH Lee, Tony SK Mok, A. Bartholomeusz, CC Au, S Locarnini, Henry LY Chan “Genotype-Specific Genomic Markers Associated with Primary Hepatoma Based on Complete Genomic Sequencing of Hepatitis B Virus,” The Journal of Virology, Vol.82, No.7, pp3604-3611, Apr. 2008. (IF 5.341).
• Chan HLY, Tsui SKW, Tse CH, Ng EYT, Au TCC, Yuen L, Bartholomeusz A, Leung KS, Lee KH, Locarnini S, Sung JJY. Epidemiological and virological characteristics of two subgroups of genotype C hepatitis C virus. J Infect Dis 2005;191:2022-32. (impact factor:  4.943)
• Sung JJY, Tsui SKW, Tse CH, Ng E, Leung KS, Lee KH, Mok TSK, Bartholomeusz A, Chan HLY. Viral genomic marker associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma: A complete genomic sequence of hepatitis B virus. Gastroenterology 2005;128:A743. (Impact factor: 13.092)(abstract)
• Henry L.Y. Chan, C.H. Tse, Eddie Y.T. Ng, K.S. Leung , K.H. Lee, K.W. Tsui , Joseph J. Y. Sung “Phylogenetic, Virological and Clinical Characteristics of Genotype C Hepatitis B Virus With Tcc At Codon 15 Of The Precore Region,” Journal of Clinical Microbiology, (impact factor 3.439) accepted

(2)   Dynamic Cancer Drug Scheduling (in time sequences) for Chemotherapy

•  We have created a multi-mode (solutions), multi-drug optimizer for Cancer Chemotherapy, so that the Oncologist (Dr Mok) can have a choice of several (sub-)optimal solutions to consider for the patients. The approach is based on a new memetic Evolutionary Algorithm working on a set of dynamic differential equations modelling the drug responses.
• Support by a RGC Earmarked Grant

- (S. M. Tse), Y. Liang, K. S. Leung, K. H. Lee and Tony S. K. Mok, A Memetic Algorithm for Multiple Drugs Cancer Chemotherapy Schedule Optimization, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics - Part B, vol. 37, no. 1, pp.84-91, Feb. 2007.
- (Liang Y.), Leung K.S. and Tony Mok S.K.. "A Novel Evolutionary Drug Scheduling Model in Cancer Chemotherapy," IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, Vol.10, No.2, pp.237-245, April, 2006.
- (Sui Man Tse), Yong Liang, K. S. Leung, K. H. Lee and Tony Mok, “Multiple Drugs Cancer Chemotherapy Scheduling by a New Memetic Optimization Algorithm”, Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation .

(4) Genetic Parallel Programming

• Supported by 2 RGC Earmarked Grants
• We have found that parallel programs can be evolved (learnt) faster than sequential ones and have developed a completely new framework to evolving parallel programs. It forms a brand new approach in the field of Genetic Programming.  It has been used successfully in many applications including hardware design. We have some exciting new results which can beat most of the existing state-of-the-art algorithms in small circuits’ synthesis. Hopefully we can scale it up!

                -  (S. M. Cheang), K. H. Lee and K.S. Leung “Applying Genetic Parallel Programming to Synthesize Combinational Logic Circuits,” IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Vol.11, No.4, pp.503-520, August 2007.
-  (Cheang S.M.), Leung K.S. and Lee K.H. “Genetic Parallel Programming: Design and Implementation,” Evolutionary Computation (MIT-Press) Vol. 14 Issue 2, pp. 129-156, 2006 (impact factor: 3.2)

(5)   Learning Bayesian Network by a new Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm

• One of the fastest and most accurate hybridised EA algorithms for learning Bayesian networks
• Successfully applied in many data mining problems

(6)   Non-linear Integral for Data Mining

            Addresses the issue of dependency of input attributes successfully in data mining. It has the unique advantage of recovering the explicit dependencies among attributes as well as giving high prediction rates in classification.

           - (Xu K.B.), Wang Z.Y., Heng P.A.. and Leung K.S. “Classification by Nonlinear Integral Projections” Special Issue on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, (Special issue on Fuzzy Systems in Knowledge Discovery & Data Ming), Vol.11, No.2, pp187-201,  April 2003.
- (Rong Yang), Z.Y. Wang, P.A. Heng, and K.S. Leung, “Fuzzified Choquet integral with fuzzy-valued integrand and its application on temperature prediction,” IEEE Trans. SMCB. (accepted)
- K.S. Leung, M.L. Wong, W. Lam, Z.Y. Wang and (K.B. Xu ) "Learning Nonlinear Multiregression Networks Based on Evolutionary Computation", IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics Part B, Vol.32, No.5, pp.630-644, October 2002.

(7)   New type of Bayesian Networks

           We have invented a new Bayesian network that addresses the functional relationship problem of the attributes.

    
-(W.H. Shum), K.S. Leung, and M.L. Wong, "Learning Functional Dependency Networks based on Genetic Programming" ICDM'05, the proceedings The Fifth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A., November 27-30, 2005, the IEEE Computer Society Press. (full paper, acceptance rate: 10.95%)

Future Concentration:

Our group will move our attention to creating new algorithms for high impact real-life genomic problems such as gene networks acquisition, multiple gene sequence alignment, marker extraction, and functional region identification problems. We have been working on new indexing and EAs with dynamic time warping (DTW) to solve these problems. Prof MH Wong who is an expert in database and DTW has been contributing in this new drive.

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